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C68.1
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1994-07-28
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C68(1) USER COMMANDS C68(1)
NAME
c386/c68 - Compile pre-processed C source.
SYNOPSIS
c386 [options] [input_file [output_file [listing_file]]]
c68 [options] [input_file [output_file [listing_file]]]
DESCRIPTION
The c386/c68 programs are publicly available C compilers.
c386/c68 support all language features defined in the
original Kernighan and Richie (K&R) definition and
additionally most of the extra features that have since
been defined by ANSI. The user can select K&R mode
(which causes many ANSI specific features to be disabled)
or ANSI mode at run-time. The default is ANSI
compatibility mode as this is the mode that most people
would wish to use.
The compiler currently exists in two major variants - one
known as c68 which produces 68000 code and the other known
as c386 which produces 386 code (as used on top-end PC's).
The compilers were originally developed to run on the
MINIX operating system, but are known to be in wide use on
other systems.
c386/c68 take the output of a C pre-processor, and compile
it to give assembler source. If no output file is
specified on the command line then c386/c68 writes the
generated assembler code to standard output. If in
addition there is no input file specified then c386/c68
reads the C source from standard input. Finally if a run
time option requesting a listing is used and no listing
file is specified, c68/c386 writes it to standard error.
The options available to control the behaviour of c386/c68
are listed below. The options to c386/c68 can also be
passed as -Qoption. This is to make it easier for the CC
front-end program to decide which options belong to the
c386/c68 program. Not all options are necessarily
available in all versions of c68/c386 as some of them are
dependent on the settings in the c68/c386 configuration
file at the time that c68/c386 is actually built.
-? Make c68/c386 display a message giving the full
list of options available in this particular
version of c68/c386. It also details the
default settings for the parameters. This
option can be very useful as it always reflects
the choices of settings in the c68/c386
configuration file that were actually used when
generating this version of c68/c386.
-v Output additional information during the compile
process. If c68/c386 was compiled without the
-DVERBOSE set then this is merely a message
giving the version number of the compiler. If
the -DVERBOSE was used when c68/c386 was built,
then additional progress information is output
during the compile process.
Default: c386/c68 as supplied is not normally
built with the -DVERBOSE option and
merely provides the version number
message if -v is used.
-warn=n Control the severity level of warning and
diagnostic messages that will be output during
the compilation process. Messages with a higher
severity value (i.e. less severe) than the value
specified will not be output. See later for
more information on the effect of possible
values for n.
Default: -warn=3
-error=n Make messages that are normally only warnings to
be treated as errors instead. The value of n
specifies what severity of messages that would
normally be only warnings are instead to be
treated as errors. This option is often used in
conjunction with the maxerr option..
Default: -error=0
-maxerr=n Sets the maximum error count to the value of n.
This is the maximum number of errors that will
be reported before c386/c68 abandons a compile.
As one error can cause others to occur, in a
cascade effect, it is often a good idea to set
this to a low value in the region of 10-20.
Default: -maxerr=200
-g Output additional information for debugging
purposes. Branch optimisation is also
suppressed even if the -O option has been
specified. Currently this option has little
other effect except to add line directives to
the generated assembler output. This can still
be useful if you wish to see exactly which C
source lines caused particular assembler code to
be generated.
Default: No debugging information is generated.
-O Specifies that maximum branch code optimisation
is to be used. This can significantly reduce
the size of the generated code with little
penalty on run time. It can, however, slow down
the compilation process. This option is ignored
if the -g or -noopt options are specified.
Default: The optimisation triggered by this
option is not performed.
-align ** STILL UNDER DEVELOPMENT - USE WITH CAUTION **
-noalign Align structures and unions using the same rules
as applied to the member that has the strictest
alignment rules.
Default: -align for c386
-noalign for c68
-code Specifies whether code is to be generated, or if
-nocode this run is merely being used to check for
errors in the source code. The advantage of
specifying the -nocode option if you are merely
looking for errors is that c68/c386 will run
faster if no attempt is made to generate code.
Default: -code
-extern This causes details of external symbols in this
-noextern module to be output to the listing device. This
is intended in the future to provide the basis
of a lint-style facility to provide cross-module
consistency checking.
Default: -noextern
-format Activate additional checks for the 'printf' and
-noformat 'scanf' families of library routines. If
active, then the parameters following the format
string are checked as being compatible with the
format string.
Default: -format (check parameters)
-fpu [c386 only]
-nofpu Generate floating point code in a form suitable
for direct execution by a maths co-processor if
-fpu is used. If -nofpu is used instead, then
calls are made instead to library support
routines. This allows for software emulation of
floating point to be provided (although this is
not part of this release of c386).
Default: -fpu
-frame=n [c68 only]
Specify which address register is to be used as
the frame pointer. C68 will then not use for
any purposes any registers with numbers larger
than the frame register and less than A7.
Default: -frame=6
-icode Output run-time debugging information to the
listing file. Intended mainly for debugging the
compiler itself. This option is only available
if c386/c68 was compiled with the -DICODE
option.
Default: c386/c68 as supplied is not set to
have this option compiled in.
-lattice Older versions of Lattice C had partial support
-nolattice of prototypes in which a variable number of
parameters was indicated by finishing the
parameter list with a comma (rather than the
ANSI style of using ,...). The use of this
option means the Lattice syntax will also be
accepted.
Default: -nolattice
-list Control listing of source file being compiled
-nolist (the pre-processor output!). Any listing will
be put into the listing file. Any error or
warning messages are included at the appropriate
point in the listing.
Default: -nolist
-longdouble If active, then 'long double' os treated as
-nolongdouble being a distinct type from 'double' with
different support routines.
Default: -nolongdouble
NOTE. The support routines for 'long double' are
not currently available for use with
c386/c68. This routine is included for
future compatibility.
-obsolete Specifi